Located on the Danube River's southern bank, this Bulgarian town is home to the country's only nuclear power plant, which generates 40% of Bulgaria's electricity.
Kozloduy sits along the Danube River in northwestern Bulgaria, where the sounds of industry mix with the steady flow of the river. You can join guided tours of a nuclear power plant built during the Soviet era, walking through its control rooms and turbine halls. Across the water, Kozloduy Island provides trails for walking and areas to observe birds like herons and cormorants. The plant powers over a third of Bulgaria’s electricity and employs many residents, shaping daily life here. From the town, you can also visit historical sites such as the Pleven Panorama, a museum depicting 19th-century battles.
Guided Tours of Kozloduy Nuclear Power Plant
The Kozloduy Nuclear Power Plant operates two reactors that started generating electricity in the late 1980s. During tours, you enter restricted zones like the control room and turbine hall, though the reactor cores are not accessible. Apply for a tour at least two weeks ahead, but on Open Days in spring and autumn, you only need to show your ID. Guides explain how the plant works, its safety systems, and its importance to Bulgaria’s energy supply. Expect thorough security checks and staff monitoring your group throughout the visit.
Kozloduy Island and the Danube River
Kozloduy Island, the second-largest Bulgarian island on the Danube, sits east of the town. Its flat terrain and riverside forests are ideal for walking or fishing, especially during bird migrations in spring and fall. From the island’s northern edge, you can see the Romanian side of the river, and small boats reach sandy spots in summer. Local anglers often sell freshly caught carp or catfish along the shore. The island lacks tourist facilities, which keeps its environment quiet and undisturbed.
Transportation Links and Local Economy
Kozloduy lies near major roads linking it to Sofia, Vratsa, and trade routes across the Danube. The nuclear plant employs more than 4,000 workers, many from other parts of Bulgaria, supporting local shops, housing, and services. This steady income has prevented population decline seen in nearby towns. You’ll notice well-maintained roads and modern apartment blocks built for plant employees. The town’s economy revolves around the energy sector, giving it a practical, no-frills atmosphere.
How to Visit the Nuclear Power Plant
To tour the plant, submit a written request in advance or attend an Open Day. Staff-led tours last about two hours and cover reactor operations and safety improvements made after older units closed. Cameras are not allowed inside, and you’ll pass through several security zones. The focus is on engineering achievements rather than past incidents. After the tour, consider stopping at the town’s history museum or eating grilled fish at a local spot by the river.
Upcoming Reactors and Energy Plans
Kozloduy plans to add two new reactors using AP1000 technology from Westinghouse, replacing equipment originally meant for the canceled Belene project. These will support the existing reactors, which are approved to run until 2029. Since 2022, the plant has shifted from Russian nuclear fuel to suppliers like Framatome. The expansion aims to secure Bulgaria’s energy independence and maintain Kozloduy’s role as a key power source. Officials also debate how to integrate renewable energy and phase out coal plants in the region.
