A UNESCO site in southern Albania, this city perches on a rocky hill. Its well-preserved Ottoman buildings reflect its rich history dating back to the 6th century BC.
Gjirokastra, located in southern Albania, showcases Ottoman architecture and stone-roofed houses. Explore the cobblestone streets leading to Gjirokastra Castle, tour 19th-century houses like Zekate and Skenduli, and visit the Old Bazaar to discover local crafts and regional dishes such as qifqi (fried rice balls).
Exploring Gjirokastra's Ottoman Architecture
Gjirokastra's distinctive architecture earned it the nickname "City of Stone." As you walk the steep cobblestone streets, you'll see many houses with stone roofs and wooden balconies. These structures, built between the 17th and 19th centuries, demonstrate the prosperity of the merchant families who lived here. The stone construction gives the buildings a solid and imposing appearance. Notice the intricate woodwork on doors and window frames as you explore.
Visiting Gjirokastra Castle
Perched on a hilltop overlooking the city, Gjirokastra Castle dates back to the 12th century. Inside, you'll find several museums covering the city's history. The Arms Museum displays weapons from prehistoric times through World War II. For a more unusual sight, check out the gallery containing a U.S. Air Force plane, allegedly forced down by communist forces in the 1950s. From the castle walls, you can take in panoramic views of the Drino Valley below.
Traditional Houses: Zekate and Skenduli
Two well-preserved Ottoman houses open to visitors are Zekate House and Skenduli House. Zekate House, built in 1811, serves as a prominent example of Gjirokastra architecture. Its twin towers and frescoed walls illustrate the wealth of 19th-century merchant homes. Skenduli House provides a look at daily life, featuring period furnishings and the family's private bunker. Both houses have experienced guides who can explain the buildings' history and architecture.
Exploring the Old Bazaar
The Old Bazaar forms the center of Gjirokastra's historic area. This neighborhood has been a hub of trade since Ottoman times, though most of the current structures date to the 19th century after a fire. Today, you can browse shops selling traditional crafts like woodcarvings, textiles, and silverwork. Stop by one of the small cafes to try Turkish coffee or raki, the local anise-flavored spirit. The bazaar is also home to several historic buildings, including the 18th-century Old Bazaar Mosque.
Sampling Local Cuisine
Gjirokastra's cuisine reflects its location near the Greek border, with dishes incorporating Mediterranean and Ottoman influences. Try qifqi, fried rice balls flavored with herbs—a local specialty. Other regional dishes include pashaqofte (meatball soup) and shapkat (a layered pie with spinach and cornmeal). For dessert, sample oshaf, a pudding made with dried figs and sheep's milk. Many restaurants in the Old Town serve traditional fare, often with views overlooking the valley.
Day Trip to the Blue Eye Spring
About 30 kilometers south of Gjirokastra, you'll find the Blue Eye (Syri i Kaltër), a natural spring known for its intense azure color. The spring's depth remains unknown, with divers reaching 50 meters without finding the bottom. A short walking trail leads through oak and sycamore forest to viewing platforms. The area around the spring is a protected monument, with picnic areas and a small cafe. The Blue Eye makes an easy half-day trip from Gjirokastra.
Getting to Gjirokastra
You can reach Gjirokastra by bus from major Albanian cities like Tirana and Saranda. The journey from Tirana takes about 4-5 hours. If you're coming from Greece, you can take a ferry from Corfu to Saranda, then a bus to Gjirokastra. Renting a car gives you more flexibility to explore the region, but be prepared for winding mountain roads. Within Gjirokastra itself, most sights are walkable, though the steep streets can be challenging.
Where to Stay
Gjirokastra has a range of accommodation options, from budget hostels to hotels in restored Ottoman houses. For an authentic experience, consider staying in the Old Town. Hotels like Kerculla Resort and Hotel Gjirokastra offer rooms in traditional stone buildings, often with views over the valley. Budget travelers can check out Stone City Hostel, known for its social atmosphere. Wherever you stay, book in advance during peak summer months.
Best Time to Visit
Visiting Gjirokastra is ideal from April to October when the weather is mild and attractions are fully open. July and August can be hot and crowded, so consider visiting in the shoulder season for a more relaxed experience. If you're interested in cultural events, plan your trip around the National Folklore Festival held every five years (next in 2025). Winter visits are possible, but some attractions have reduced hours and the steep streets can be slippery.
