This medieval town in southern Poland has stone fortifications, mineral springs, and a hydroelectric dam. Located in the Sudetes foothills, it includes health resorts and a nature reserve.
Kłodzko, a medieval town in southwestern Poland's Sudetes mountains, has a massive hilltop fortress and a 14th-century stone bridge spanning the Nysa Kłodzka river. Walk through 13th-century underground tunnels beneath the streets, or step into the Gothic Church of the Assumption to see the tombs of the Piast dynasty. The surrounding Kłodzko Valley leads to mountain trails and spa towns like Polanica-Zdrój and Kudowa-Zdrój.
Visiting the Fortress Complex
The Kłodzko Fortress stands 369 meters above the town, built on the site of a 9th-century stronghold. During the 18th century, Frederick the Great added counter-mine galleries and defensive walls to the complex. The observation bastion gives you views of the town center, surrounding mountains, and the Nysa Kłodzka valley. Join a guided tour to explore the underground passages and learn about the fortress's military past.
Walking the Underground Tunnels
Walk through 600 meters of medieval tunnels on the Millennium Underground Tourist Trail, which connects Zawiszy Czarnego Street to Czeska Street beneath the old town. The tunnels, which stay at 12°C year-round, display medieval tools and artifacts in exhibits along the route. These passages once served as storage spaces and defensive positions during sieges.
Crossing the Gothic Bridge
The stone bridge across the Nysa Kłodzka river dates to 1390. Local stories tell how eggs were used in its construction, which might explain why it survived the severe flood of 1997. Cross it to reach the old town square, where you'll find the town hall with its Gothic-Renaissance tower and the Marian Column from 1625.
Tasting Regional Specialties
The Kłodzko region has more than 20 trout fisheries where you can eat fresh fish grilled, smoked, or fried. Since 2012, Kłodzko trout has held official regional product status. Time your visit for the annual Trout Festival to sample different preparations from local producers.
Taking Day Trips to Spa Towns
Several 19th-century spa towns lie within 30 minutes of Kłodzko. Visit Polanica-Zdrój, Duszniki-Zdrój, or Kudowa-Zdrój to drink mineral water directly from the springs. In Duszniki-Zdrój, stop at the Paper Mill Museum to watch craftspeople make paper using traditional methods from the 1600s.
Joining Local Festivals
The town celebrates several festivals throughout the year. Spring brings the International Theatre Festival "Clash" and Medieval Spring with its craft markets. Summer features Fortress Days, while fall hosts the Lower Silesian Rally. During Oktober Festung, watch combat demonstrations at the fortress, while craft markets and performers fill the old town streets.
