At the meeting point of the Danube, Inn, and Ilz rivers, this Bavarian town has the world's largest cathedral organ with 17,974 pipes and a 13th-century hilltop fortress overlooking three-colored waters.
Passau, the "City of Three Rivers," sits at the confluence of the Danube, Inn, and Ilz in southeastern Germany. This Bavarian town captivates visitors with its Italian-inspired baroque buildings, such as St. Stephen's Cathedral, and the hilltop Veste Oberhaus fortress. As you walk Passau's winding cobblestone streets, you'll encounter the world's largest cathedral organ, colorful riverside promenades, and a lively student atmosphere from the local university.
The Meeting of Three Rivers
Passau's identity is closely tied to its three rivers. You can appreciate this geographical feature by taking a stroll along the riverbanks or joining a boat tour. At the easternmost point of the Old Town, you'll find the Dreiflüsseeck, where the three rivers meet. Each river has a distinct color - the blue Danube, the green Inn, and the black Ilz - creating a striking visual effect at their confluence.
St. Stephen's Cathedral and Its Massive Organ
The imposing St. Stephen's Cathedral dominates Passau's skyline. This 17th-century baroque church contains the world's largest cathedral organ, with 17,974 pipes and 233 registers. You can attend daily organ concerts from May to October to experience the instrument's powerful sound reverberating through the ornate interior. The cathedral's white stucco decorations and frescoes exemplify Italian-influenced baroque architecture north of the Alps.
Veste Oberhaus: A Hilltop Fortress with City Views
Perched on a hill overlooking the city, Veste Oberhaus is one of Europe's largest preserved castle complexes. Built in 1219, this former stronghold of the prince-bishops now houses a museum about the region's history. From the fortress, you can see Passau and the surrounding river valleys. You can reach Veste Oberhaus by a steep walk up the hill or take a more leisurely bus ride.
Exploring the Old Town's Streets and Squares
Passau's Old Town (Altstadt) is a maze of narrow streets and colorful buildings. As you wander, you'll come across squares like Residenzplatz, home to the New Bishop's Residence and the Wittelsbacher Fountain. Höllgasse, also known as "Artists' Alley," houses local artisans displaying their crafts in small workshops and galleries. The Old Town Hall, with its Gothic and Renaissance elements, stands out among the surrounding buildings.
Passau Glass Museum: Centuries of European Glassware
The Passau Glass Museum houses the world's largest collection of European glassware. Located in the Hotel Wilder Mann, the museum displays over 30,000 glass objects spanning four centuries. You'll see intricate Bohemian glass, delicate Venetian pieces, and modern art glass creations. The museum provides insight into the evolution of glassmaking techniques and styles across Europe.
Tasting Bavarian Cuisine
Passau's culinary scene reflects its Bavarian heritage and proximity to Austria. You can try hearty dishes like Schweinebraten (roast pork) or Knödel (dumplings) in traditional taverns. For a local specialty, order Steckerlfisch, a grilled fish on a stick often sold at outdoor markets. Wash it down with a beer from the nearby Hacklberg Brewery, one of Bavaria's oldest breweries dating back to 1618.
University Influence on City Life
The University of Passau brings a youthful energy to this historic city. With around 12,000 students, the university contributes to Passau's active cultural scene. You'll find numerous cafes, bars, and cultural events catering to the student population. The Scharfrichterhaus, a former executioner's residence turned cabaret theater, hosts comedy shows and concerts, adding to the city's nightlife options.
